Bored Pile Load Test (Static Load Test in Tension and Lateral Load)

 Bored Pile Load Test (Static Load Test in Tension and Lateral Load)


๐Ÿ“ŒPile load test แ€†ိုแ€œျแ€„် แ€กแ€•ေါ်แ€€แ€”ေ แ€กแ€œေးแ€แ€”်แ€แ€„်แ€•ြီး แ€–ိแ€ျแ€ဲ့ แ€”แ€Š်းแ€œแ€™်း (Compression test) แ€€ แ€กแ€žုံးแ€™ျားแ€•ေแ€™แ€š့် uplift pressure (แ€กแ€•ေါ်แ€€ိုแ€†ွဲแ€™แ€•ြီး แ€€ြွแ€แ€€်แ€…ေแ€ဲ့ แ€กား) แ€ံแ€…ားแ€›แ€”ိုแ€„်แ€ဲ့ Towers foundation, anchor piles แ€”ှแ€„့် Retaining structures foundation แ€ွေแ€›ဲ့ Pile แ€ွေแ€€ို Tension Test / Pullout Test แ€•ြုแ€œုแ€•်แ€…แ€…်แ€†ေးแ€€ြแ€•ါแ€žแ€Š်။ 


๐Ÿ“ŒWind, seismic, earth pressure แ€”ှแ€„့် water flow load แ€…แ€ဲ့ แ€˜ေးแ€ိုแ€€်แ€žแ€€်แ€›ောแ€€်แ€กား (Horizontal force) แ€ံแ€…ားแ€›แ€ဲ့ Bridge piers, Towers, Marine piles แ€…แ€ာแ€ွေแ€€ို Lateral static load test แ€…แ€™်းแ€žแ€•်แ€…แ€…်แ€†ေးแ€€ြแ€•ါแ€žแ€Š်။


๐Ÿ”นStatic Load Test in Tension (Pullout Test)


Tension force แ€•ေးแ€™แ€š့် Test pile points แ€˜ေးแ€™ှာ Reaction piles (anchor piles) แ€™ျားแ€แ€Š်แ€†ောแ€€်แ€›แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š်။ Anchor piles แ€™ျားแ€€ို Reaction Beam (Steel beams) แ€–ြแ€„့် แ€ျိแ€်แ€†แ€€်แ€›แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š်။ Test pile แ€‘ိแ€•်แ€™ှာ anchor connection แ€กแ€ွแ€€် แ€œိုแ€กแ€•်แ€ဲ့ embedded hook /anchorage แ€™ျားแ€€ြိုแ€แ€„်แ€แ€•်แ€†แ€„်แ€‘ားแ€›แ€™แ€Š်။  Test pile แ€”ှแ€„့် Reaction beam แ€€ို Anchorage frame แ€–ြแ€„့် แ€ျိแ€်แ€†แ€€်แ€€ာ Hydraulic jack (pressing jack or tensioning jack) แ€–ြแ€„့် Tension load แ€กแ€†แ€„့်แ€†แ€„့်แ€•ေးแ€•ြီး  แ€…แ€™်းแ€žแ€•်แ€…แ€…်แ€†ေးแ€ြแ€„်းแ€–ြแ€…်แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š်။


๐Ÿ”นLateral Load Test


แ€ံแ€ားแ€›ေแ€œแ€Š်แ€•ိုแ€„်แ€™ျား၊ Jetty pile แ€™ျားแ€€ို แ€…แ€…်แ€†ေးแ€€ြแ€œေ့แ€›ှိแ€•ါแ€žแ€Š်။ Test pile point แ€›ဲ့ แ€˜ေးแ€™ှာ แ€กแ€™ာแ€ံ Anchor pile แ€แ€…်แ€™ျိုးแ€™ျိုး แ€žို့แ€™แ€Ÿုแ€် แ€›ှိแ€•ြီးแ€žား Structure แ€แ€…်แ€ုแ€ုแ€€ို Reaction pile แ€กแ€–ြแ€…်แ€กားแ€•ြုแ€€ာ Hydraulic Jack แ€€ို แ€กแ€žုံးแ€•ြုแ€•ြီး Test pile แ€€ို แ€˜ေးแ€ိုแ€€်แ€ွแ€”်း၍ แ€…แ€™်းแ€žแ€•်แ€…แ€…်แ€†ေးแ€ြแ€„်းแ€–ြแ€…်แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š်။ Horizontal load แ€€ို แ€แ€†แ€„့်แ€ြแ€„်းแ€™ြှแ€„့်แ€•ြီး Load Vs horizontal deflection graph แ€™ှแ€แ€†แ€„့် Pile stiffness, Pile lateral capacity  แ€…แ€žแ€Š်แ€ို့แ€€ို แ€ွแ€€်แ€ျแ€€်แ€žိแ€›ှိแ€”ိုแ€„်แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š်။


Bored pile แ€กแ€ွแ€€် แ€€ျแ€”ော်แ€ို့แ€†ီแ€™ှာ แ€กแ€žုံးแ€•ြုแ€™ှု แ€”แ€Š်းแ€•ေแ€™แ€š့် แ€—แ€Ÿုแ€žုแ€แ€กแ€–ြแ€…် แ€žိแ€‘ားแ€›แ€”်แ€กแ€ွแ€€် แ€™ျှแ€ေแ€ြแ€„်းแ€–ြแ€…်แ€•ါแ€žแ€Š်။

(แ€†แ€€်แ€›แ€”်)


แ€†ွေแ€œှိုแ€„်แ€ฆး (แ€™ြို့แ€•ြ แ‚แ€แ€แ„)


Photo credit: Internet


Bored Pile Load Test (Static Load Test in Tension and Lateral Load)


๐Ÿ“ŒAlthough the method of applying a load from above and pressing down (compression test) is commonly used in pile load tests, piles in tower foundations, anchor piles, and retaining structure foundations that may experience uplift pressure (a force that pulls upward and causes lifting) are tested and inspected using a Tension Test / Pullout Test.


๐Ÿ“ŒStatic lateral load tests are performed to test and inspect bridge piers, towers, marine piles, and other structures that are subjected to horizontal forces, such as wind, seismic activity, earth pressure, and water flow loads.


๐Ÿ”นStatic Load Test in Tension (Pullout Test)


Reaction piles (anchor piles) must be constructed near the test pile points where tension force will be applied. The anchor piles are connected using a reaction beam (steel beams). An embedded hook/anchorage required for the anchor connection must be pre-installed on top of the test pile. The test pile and the reaction beam are connected with an anchorage frame, and the test is conducted by applying incremental tension loads using a hydraulic jack (pressing jack or tensioning jack).


๐Ÿ”นLateral Load Test


This is typically used to test bridge abutments and jetty piles. A dedicated anchor pile or an existing structure near the test pile point is used as a reaction pile. A hydraulic jack is used to push laterally against the test pile to perform the test. The horizontal load is increased step by step, and the pile stiffness, lateral capacity, and other properties can be determined through a load vs. horizontal deflection graph.


Although the use of bored piles is less common here, this is shared for general knowledge.


Photo credit: Internet






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